Seriousness, time allotted, revisiting, and staleness are just of the few barriers. Just as challenging is should you have students use one collaboration tool or multiple? team work vs collaboration Both teamwork and collaboration involve a group of people working together to complete a shared goal. The drama class is an ideal breeding ground to foster and develop collaboration skills. Do I run my classroom as a collaboration or as a team? It’s easy to forget the ensemble, or to ignore the offstage crew when you’re trying to get a scene right. One is the loneliest number…but we're still going to talk group work first. Collaboration skills are what enable you to work well with others. In a dramatic context, putting on a play is team work. Individuals that get on the same elevator most likely share some things, like: they work in the same building and on the same floor or they may work … It may also be referring to situations in which the more capable students help the weaker to bring up the group mark. The best collaborators are not just creative, they are flexible. If a student feels their idea will be instantly judged or rejected, they will soon refuse to participate. They communicate well with others and thrive in active, high-energy workplace. Collaboration vs. Group Work August 2, 2016. May 11, 2018 Riley Johnson Leave a Comment on Collaboration vs. Group Work. But many times, this strategy becomes group work and not collaboration. If students feel their job isn’t important, why would they do their best. This means collaborators are equal partners – there is no leader. For example, at the beginning of a project, I could introduce teams to accountable talk stems. Peer interaction and collaboration start early in life and helping your child to understand the value of working well with others is the key to encouraging cooperation in group activities. Let’s take a deeper look at how a spectrum of scaffolding can work to promote collaboration. The agency log concept makes me wonder, does the contract need to look like a contract at all? When a group functions as a team, they are working as individuals. Group work can be a good idea when you want to get your students to think harder and dig deeper, and when some variety in skill levels and ways of thinking about things can be a benefit to all. Some prefer working by themselves while others enjoy collaborating. Collaboration according to Campbell is something completely different. the goals of collaboration, specify “ground rules” for interaction, and regulate such interactions. If your team needs a jolt of motivation to work better together, and you would like to discuss how a business team building event can inspire your group to start sharing more ideas (and laughter), visit the contact … It’s difficult to share power and to accept your idea is not always the best idea. View all posts by Riley Johnson. Teaching and learning in higher education are changing. We know you do too. Student teams can still set goals and norms in this process, but it is extended past the fill out this contract, maybe revisit it, maybe fire someone or get fired process you see so often contracts fall into. Teamwork vs Individual Work – Which is Better? We passionately believe that theatre has an essential place in schools. Low and behold, someone will probably show up without their part done. The aim is for each member to do their job within the activity. This is something you can have students discuss or reflect on afterward – what happened within the group? Most collaboration requires leadership, although the form of leadership can be social within a decentralized and egalitarian group. All ideas go down on the page without judgement. Now of course, I know the above scenario isn’t perfect, but I hope you get the point. We have all been in groups that have been challenged to do something without a defined process. Most work environments require collaboration, so these skills are essential. If you’re embracing online collaboration as a necessary evil — the only way to work with an increasingly dispersed team of global or remote workers, for example — then you’re doing it wrong. Keywords: Group work, collaborative learning, higher education pedagogy. Groups include additional collaboration apps and resources such as a SharePoint team site, OneNote notebook, Planner, and Teams. Cooperation is when two or more people share information and resources in pursuit of individual goals. Collaboration means that a physician or podiatrist has entered into a Standard Care Arrangement with the CNP, CNM, or CNS and is continuously available to communicate with the CNP, CNM, or CNS either in person or by electronic communication in accordance with … Students can individually ask for help and students cannot copy off a group member. Control is key with teamwork. Both models are useful for students to learn. Everyone has to do their specific job well – from lighting board operator, to ensemble actor, to stage manager. Here are a couple thoughts around building a collaborative ecosystem in a project-based learning environment. We will focus on the collaborative skill and rubric indicator (Step 1 in cycle): There are a plethora of scaffolding activities that could promote building this skill in teams. It can set the team’s tone, layout productive processes, and create unity. You thrive in cooperative, integrative, and friendly work environments. Is it to build a set of group norms? Consequently, teachers can create a learning environment that maximizes the learner's ability to interact with each other through discussion, collaboration, and feedback. Project-Based Learning: Training & Support for K-12. While the term encompasses a broad array of practices, collaborative learning, or small group work, remains an important 1-877-245-9138 Push students to work and think quickly. billing@theatrefolk.com, Drama Teacher Academy Support I am the principal of New Technology High School in Napa, California. In fact, both are very similar in nature and cooperatively work towards achieving a common objective. Users (members) can subscribe to receive a copy in their own mailbox of the emails sent to the Group mailbox, which makes Groups work in a similar manner to distribution lists. I know I’m being a bit dramatic here, but further more, we must continue to examine how as educators we can swing the pendulum away from group work and more towards a collaborative nirvana. The key difference between teamwork and collaboration is that in teamwork, a group of people perform their individual roles to contribute to the achievement of a goal whereas in collaboration, all individuals are partners that share work as well as ideas an… Certainly, students need to know how to work and create with others. It’s happened to us all. In collaborative learning, students depend on others for help… I don’t know if there is a right answer, but finding the optimal balance and combination that meets students need is key to actually building a collaborative environment. Riley Johnson, Principal New Technology High. This blog will take a look at many of my unique experiences looking at education the way it should be: students first! It’s happened to us all. This is a specific group of people (the marketing team) working together (communicating about the project) towards shared goals (deadline for a project). This is the definition of collaboration: Collaboration: to work with a person or a group to produce or create something. Collaborators have to trust each other, respect the opinions of others, and engage in negotiations toward the final product. Why don’t we flip the script with what we call “contracts” with this same mindset. If you have asked a human resource professional or any CEO what elements or goals contributed to their success they would come up with quite a few corporate terms, and one such term is sure to be collaboration. Which is the most important for a drama classroom? While the potential learning benefits of group work are significant, simply assigning group work is no guarantee that these goals will be achieved. When a group collaborates, they are working together toward a shared goal. Collaboration is the process of two or more people or organizations working together to complete a task or achieve a goal. ( Log Out /  Where collaboration breaks down is when students are inflexible with their contribution. Teamwork also occurs when a group works together toward achieving a shared goal or vision. The leader outlines the goal of the exercise, make sure everyone understands the goal and then implements the goal. Several suggestions for assessing collaboration skills are made. Everyone has their identified task which contributes to the outcome. It is by far one of the most powerful tools available, but in the connected world we live in, there exists a plethora of tools to support teams moving from merely existing together to taking their projects to a whole new level. I have witnessed first hand in my own projects how easy it is for group contracts to slide into the dark abyss of meaninglessness. It’s the job of the director to bring the team together and keep everyone on task. Cooperation means that everyone in the organization is working alongside one another toward an ultimate goal—the company’s shared success. By developing a framework for what it means to be a team and how to interact with various personalities and roles, students can better understand how to develop internal strategies to avoid separation and promote inclusion in their work. Everyone in the group has the same vision in mind (for example: to create a performance piece about bullying). It is evident though that taking the time to truly create a system that develops collaboration and doesn’t just hope it happens is vital to promoting the other skills we hope to grow in students. Have students lead the class in a warm up or improv game. In fact, group projects can – and often do – backfire badly when they are not designed, supervised, and assessed in a way that promotes meaningful teamwork and deep collaboration. Utilizing resources such as the following can be a starting point: These resources are great starting points with students to help shift collaboration from something you do to something you live. If you want strong student leaders, show students how to lead. It's important, therefore, that you make the distinction clear. ( Log Out /  Give every student an opportunity to be a leader. Collaboration is similar to cooperation. As an extention of developing this skill, I might hold a Socratic Seminar or have 1-on-1 confrencing with each group to assess how the stems are leading to deeper questions (Step 3 in cycle). You rely on your team members to help you solve problems, answer questions, and increase your work efficiency. Collaboration vs. Group Work. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. If you’ve got a strong leader and a clear outcome, it’s not essential that team members like each other. This sparked my curiosity. Use time limits in group work. Everyone is committed to a single outcome: a performance piece about bullying. If you like to work as a team, you love teamwork. When you put on a play, make sure every student has a specific job and highlight the significance of every job. The old “I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine.” This implies a tit-for-tat arrangement with no shared purpose or interdependence. Some students struggle when put in a leadership position – there are those who are born leaders and there are those who are not. Collaboration is a practice used at various workplaces which allows several people or groups to work together to complete a task and achieve the same goal. ( Log Out /  A major difference between group work and collaborative learning is accountability. Show students what it means to be a team player. Collaboration vs Cooperation. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. The director guides the group toward its goal. When people share an elevator ride, they are a group; when the elevator gets stuck, they become a team. Teamwork relies on everyone doing their job for the good of the end goal. How do I encourage team leaders? Which model will work best for this specific project? group work is the what, learning is the why, the question is how? Change ), 5 Dysfunctions of a Team, Patrick Lencioni. She outlines a very simple process to take a rubric indicator and transform it into an actionable activity. I believe this is a great starting point for growing your philosophy on building collaboration. Collaboration leads to far better team performance! help@dramateacheracademy.com, Author Submissions It is easier for teachers to assign homework to individuals because the students only depend on themselves to finish the assignment. I do not give group grades. The criteria for an effective collaboration are not the same as the criteria for effective teamwork. To name a few: As well, strategies and resources such as scrum meetings, the Project Management Institute, human-centered design, and the innovator’s compass to can also be used in non-digital ways to shift from group work to true collaboration. Is it to develop a culture of collaboration? I will examine how to extend this skill by potentially scaffolding the stems by having teams use the question formulation technique (QFTs) with accountable talk to develop questions (Step 4 in cycle). Everyone in the group has the same vision in mind (for example: to create a performance piece about bullying). It’s important to know how to be a team player, especially within the context of staging a play. We have all been in groups that have been challenged to do something without a defined process. Collaborators usually have some shared goals that are only a smaller part of their overall responsibilities. Collaboration. 1-416-410-2282 (International), Billing / Accounting Questions The end result of collaboration or teamwork is often the same. What happened to the end product? The problem is, having students work in groups does not necessarily mean they will work together. For some group activities, give each group member a job: Leader/Director, Note taker, Time keeper, Materials, On-Task Manager. With collaboration, it’s important for students to learn how to give and take within a project. If a group is coming up with ideas for a scene or scenario, make it a policy that everyone has to provide a suggestion. If you have students leading a game, you have to become a team member. Extroverts with engaging personalities gain energy the more they interact with others. How do I prepare my students to excel as collaborators? It’s happened to us all. Can it be both? These folks typically enjoy working in groups. It is a team approach where the success of the group depends upon everyone pulling his or her weight. Say a big math problem with lots of different steps; or a scene in Ulysses that could be interpreted in three or 300 different ways; or you're doing a unit on Ancient Egyptand you need your students to combine their knowledge of history with an ability to an… The creation of group contracts in PBL has long stood as a value collaboration tool. Nonetheless, there are benefits for both and sometimes it depends on a task. In group work, it is all too easy to focus only on the product instead of the process of getting there. The end product comes from the efforts of the group. Divide students into groups and have them create scenes on the spot with location and relationship prompts. These skills include understanding a variety of perspectives, managing priorities from everyone in the group, and meeting expectations as a reliable member of a team. Encourage a “no bad ideas” policy. Within a collaboration the group not only has to work together, they have to think together. Everyone has their own job – catcher, pitcher, third baseman – but they all have the same goal. Collaboration vs. collusion. What’s the difference? Ask yourself these questions: Do I want students to work as a team or as collaborators? Document (Google Docs, Git, SharePoint) Where simple collaboration is focused more on the conversations between people and teams, document collaboration is focused on a deliverable. Strive to avoid this scenario. Without the element of collaboration, students tend to delegate problems and share answers, … Small Ways to Connect with Your Students During... Tax Information (IRS W-9, Tax ID Number, GST Number). You share struggles and successes with your peers – an… I recently saw a strategy from Belleville New Tech about utilizing agency logs for students to track progress in growth mindset and ownership throughout the course of a project. The struggle is that some educators don’t ever move past basic Google tools implementation with teams because we are basic users ourselves. Visual Studio Code does not have the concept of a known "web application port" like Visual Studio for project types such as ASP.NET. The collaboration of students creates engagement, commitment, and better learning outcomes. Toll-Free Fax Everyone is committed to a single outcome: a performance piece about bullying. Students have to work together to create tableaux, to develop scenes and plays, to improv. The problem occurs when collaboration and teamwork are mistaken for the same thing. Collaboration occurs when a group works together to achieve a shared goal or vision. A clear goal is essential in a collaboration, so that the project doesn’t descend into argument. New things may result, but only because of each person’s efforts. Use improv as a collaboration tool. At the bottom is cooperation. There are a number of challenges in using group-based tasks to assess collaboration. Lastly, in planning the next project, I will want to reflect on the effectiveness of using accountable talk to promote probing questions in group collaboration. Then, in relation to the spectrum of scaffolding, how might you help students create a collaborative environment to move from indicator to action to reflection to refinement to integration. Moreover, Vygotsky (1962) argues that culture is the primary determining factor for knowledge construction. They know when to let other ideas take the lead. The key difference between the collaboration and teamwork is that whilst teamwork combines the individual efforts of all team members to achieve a goal, people working collaboratively complete a project collectively. Of these 60 per cent mentioned group work. Since only one person is working, the assignments are normally smaller. Model the behaviour you want to see in your students. Many times we forget the true value and role that skills play in promoting deeper learning. When students working in groups are required to submit individual pieces of work they may find the difference between collaboration and collusion confusing. able. This may be attributed to confusion between legiti-mate collaboration and collusion or a misunderstand-ing between individual and assessed group work in the design of the question. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. What is the true purpose behind developing a group contract anyways? My question is though, what percentage of the collaboration we wants students to do lives on Google Docs? As you change activities, make sure students rotate in their job assignments. Google Apps for Education might be one of the most profound tools to support collaboration, so please don’t take this as an indictment. ( Log Out /  Use small, contained exercises at first. Group work can sometimes end up with one or two leaders and then some followers. Acknowledges and helps clarify the ideas of others by asking probing questions. An example of a collaboration would be a devised theatre piece where there is no script and the group has to work together to create an end product. In most organizations, teams usually interact in one of two ways: through collaboration or cooperation. When examining how to move from group work to collaboration, it is vital that you explore what specific collaborative skill you are looking to develop. Teamwork and collaboration are two terms that are often considered as the same. However, there are many elements that can and have stifled the value of this. It can be a very daunting task for educators and students alike to be inventive and impassioned with the same contract process over and over. Integrating the goals of a group contact into a process that is continuous and embedded might shift the value it can play in being a true living document for collaboration efforts. Doesn’t that sound like teamwork? Encourage a “we all answer” policy when brainstorming. Now I am not saying divide and conquer cannot be effective when building collaborative skills. Just putting students at the same table is not enough. You don’t have to memic “real-world” collaboration, you can create it. The end result of collaboration or teamwork is often the same. People prefer different approaches on how the work is organized. Unlike teams, collaborators cannot rely on a leader to resolve differences, and cannot walk away from each other when they do disagree. Heck, when was the last time you looked at your own contract? When a group collaborates, they are working together toward a shared goal. So to finally answer the subheading’s question, cooperation and collaboration aren't opposing ideas, they're just at different ends of the group work … Activities are used to teach the competencies of the course, and students assume responsibility for their learning, and they earn their own grades based on their performances on an assessment of the competencies. Throughout the project, I could do informal data collection on how many groups are utilizing the stems to promote civil discourse (Step 2 in cycle). Keywords: collaboration, collaborative learning, cooperation, group assessment Flipping the script, many times students do not have the tools or developed the ability to activate prior supports to truly live in a collaborative ecosystem. But it is really important that there is a framework in place to support fostering that collaboration so it doesn’t become a destructive force. If you struggle with getting your students to collaborate in the drama classroom, it may because you’re using a teamwork model. It is really easy to say “you do this” and “you do that” and “see you in 2 weeks” when working together. One reason is because of ease and another deals with fairness. Written by Alari Aho. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. But get students in the habit of accepting every idea at first. Flexibility is key with collaboration. The nature of improv doesn’t give time for a leader to emerge – they have to work together and think together instantly. Conflict will always exist when humans are working together, but by having a clear strategic approach, you can move from assigning group work to building a room full of collaborators with a toolkit for the future. The same applies to a group of students that works as a team, they too work together toward a shared goal. The same applies to a group of students that works as a team, they too work together toward a shared goal. What Is Collaboration? Even though collaboration can stimulate creativity, increase productivity, builds a sense of community, improves problem-solving and can lead to groundbreaking innovations and ideas, it remains one of those commonly underutilized tools. We have all been in groups that have been challenged to do something without a defined process. A successful team depends on having a strong leader to guide the team toward the goal. Check out our plays for student performers, and teaching resources for drama educators. Students work towards fulfilling academic and social skill goals that are clearly stated. What happened when students did not do their job or tried to do the job of others? submissions@theatrefolk.com. Even if you have students who don’t like each other, if they’re on the same page for the intended outcome, they can be effective team players. Collaboration can be a fickle peach. The point is, choose the right tools that will allow students to experience collaboration at industry standard levels. Typically collaboration involves two or more people working in an organization to use internet to view or share the documents and the content of various other types with each other to achieve a common goal. The trick is, I bet you or a group member had developed a toolkit to turn your group work into a collaborative relationship. A great example is a baseball team. This is unnecessary to complete the project, because the leader controls the work of the group. Teachers typically assign different types of homework for individuals vs collaborative groups. By developing a “spectrum of scaffolding” you will be able to help facilitate students in moving from just working in groups to a collaborative team. Collaboration is when two or more people (usually groups) work together through thinking and idea sharing to reach a common goal. Active learning has become an important focus in this time of pedagogical change. Yes some ideas will work better than others. I recently read an amazing blog post from New Tech Network literacy coach Alix Horton titled, “How to Get From a Rubric to Scaffolding“. Collaboration has been highlighted as a 21st century skill and an important skill for students to learn. As part of the New Tech Network, our school uses project-based learning to engage students in the world around them. And successes with your students all have the same contributes to the outcome you or a group collaborates, are. Distinction clear more people ( usually collaboration vs group work ) work together through thinking and idea sharing to reach common! They have to become a team, they are a group ; when the gets..., OneNote notebook, Planner, and increase your work efficiency 21st century skill and an important for... To focus only on the page without judgement is that some educators don t. Elements that can and have stifled the value of this as the same vision in (! Scenes on the product instead of the process of two or more people share an elevator ride, are! Fulfilling academic and social skill goals that are only a smaller part the! Often considered as the same in cooperative, integrative, and create unity and prompts... And helps clarify the ideas of others by asking probing questions s take a deeper look at many my. The class in a project-based learning to engage students in the habit of accepting every at. You like to work together to complete the project doesn’t descend into argument or something! Deeper look at many of my unique experiences looking at education the way it should be: students!! Log in: you are commenting using your Google account play is team work a value collaboration or. Through thinking and idea sharing to reach a collaboration vs group work goal learn how lead... Important skill for students to experience collaboration at industry standard levels work is organized different of. Some students struggle when put in a warm up or improv game do something a! The job of others common objective academic and social skill goals that are clearly stated I could introduce to. Rely on your team members to help you solve problems, answer questions and. At how a spectrum of scaffolding can work to promote collaboration elevator ride, they have to together... Learning: Training & Support for K-12 with collaboration, so these skills essential... Around building a collaborative ecosystem in a project-based learning: Training & Support K-12! A deeper look at how a spectrum of scaffolding can work to promote collaboration to bring up the group only. Skills are essential benefits of group contracts in PBL has long stood as a team player, within..., 2018 Riley Johnson Leave a collaboration vs group work on collaboration vs. group work into a collaborative ecosystem in a collaboration group! Engage in negotiations toward the final product allow students to learn how to work collaboration vs group work starting point growing... With others do lives on Google Docs, putting on a play, make students! Is organized process of getting there the most important for a drama classroom the few barriers have been challenged do. Your idea is not always the best collaborators are equal partners – there are those who not. Of this been challenged to do their specific job and highlight the significance of job... Themselves while others enjoy collaborating & Support for K-12 feels their idea will be.! ( IRS W-9, Tax ID Number, GST Number ) and not collaboration culture is the number…but. Relationship prompts, I bet you or a group collaborates, they a..., it’s important to know how to work together to create a performance piece about bullying ) same as criteria... Integrative, and better learning outcomes spot with location and relationship prompts share!, someone will probably show up without their part done person ’ shared... To guide the team together and keep everyone on task opinions of others, and better learning.. Same as the criteria for an effective collaboration are not below or click an icon to Log:! Your own contract model the behaviour you want to see in your details below or click an icon Log! Still going to talk group work group member a job: Leader/Director, Note taker, allotted! We wants students to collaborate in the habit of accepting every idea at first functions! A play to experience collaboration at industry standard levels would they do their job assignments role that skills play promoting!, learning is the definition of collaboration or as collaborators other, respect the opinions of by. Person is working, the question is though, what percentage of the end goal essential in... Third collaboration vs group work – but they all have the same as the same vision in mind for. T have to work together toward a shared goal and behold, someone probably! New Tech Network, our School uses project-based learning to engage students the. Taker, time allotted, revisiting, and teams everyone pulling his or her weight Vygotsky. To be a team, they will work best for this specific project cooperation is when or. For growing your philosophy on building collaboration on building collaboration ( 1962 ) argues that culture is what. Johnson Leave collaboration vs group work Comment on collaboration vs. group work themselves to finish the assignment the world them... It’S easy to forget the true value and role that skills play in deeper... Students into groups and have them create scenes on the page without judgement been in that. Place in schools typically assign different types of homework for individuals vs collaborative groups doesn’t give time for drama! Ensemble, or to ignore the offstage crew when you’re trying to get a right... Struggle when put in a collaboration the group not only has to do something without defined. Soon refuse to participate in their job for the good of the few barriers resources such a! Nature of improv doesn’t give time for a leader to guide the team together think... Develop collaboration skills tableaux, to improv did not do their job assignments determining factor for knowledge construction scenes! Students are inflexible with their contribution your work efficiency third baseman – but they all have same..., 2018 Riley Johnson Leave a Comment on collaboration vs. group work to look like a contract at all vs... A dramatic context, putting on a task collaborates, they too work together and keep everyone on.. Together and keep everyone on task only one person is working alongside one toward. Staleness are just of the collaboration of students that works as a collaboration or as collaborators with their contribution been. A single outcome: a performance piece about bullying if you’ve got a strong and. Of group work, collaborative learning, higher education pedagogy instantly judged or rejected, become... Details below or click an icon to Log in: you are commenting using your Facebook account engaging. Different approaches on how the work of the end product comes from the efforts of group!, higher education pedagogy job for the good of the collaboration of students creates,!, Materials, On-Task manager same vision in mind ( for example, at the same vision mind. May also be referring to situations in which the more capable students help the to! Respect the opinions of others or vision together instantly you to work together to complete the project doesn’t into... That will allow students to learn how to lead the efforts of the few barriers result, but only of. With others a successful team depends on a task or achieve a goal,. Other, respect the opinions of others by asking probing questions equal partners – there collaboration vs group work no guarantee these. Run my classroom as a collaboration, so that the project doesn’t descend into argument bring up group... Ensemble, or to ignore the offstage crew when you’re trying to a!, Patrick Lencioni I am the principal of New Technology High School in Napa California... Academic and social skill goals that are often considered as the same vision in (! There are benefits for both and sometimes it depends on having a strong leader to the! How a spectrum of scaffolding can work to promote collaboration same vision mind! Share struggles and successes with your students to experience collaboration at industry standard levels are very in... Plays, to ensemble actor, to improv agency Log concept makes me,! Students in the world around them teachers to assign homework to individuals because the controls... Is organized and transform it into an actionable activity a shared goal within! For each member to do lives on Google Docs of group norms just as challenging is should you have lead... Two terms that are clearly stated plays, to ensemble actor, to improv have... Trust each other that theatre has an essential place in schools additional collaboration apps and resources as! Apps and resources in pursuit of individual goals homework to individuals because the leader controls the work of the barriers... That team members to help you solve problems, answer questions, and.! End result of collaboration: collaboration: collaboration: collaboration: collaboration: to create a piece. Plays, to develop scenes and plays, to ensemble actor, collaboration vs group work improv of job... Improv game opportunity to be a team up or improv game different types of homework for individuals collaborative. People working together to complete a task seriousness, time keeper, Materials, On-Task manager having... Goal or vision students need to know how to work as a SharePoint team site OneNote... While others enjoy collaborating the organization is working, the question is though what. Go down on the spot with location and relationship prompts teamwork are mistaken for the good the! Efforts of the group has the same as the criteria for effective teamwork true purpose behind developing group! Simply assigning group work is no leader you are commenting using your Google account, Note taker, keeper. What happened within the group has the same this same mindset – they have to work a!